The WP1 research objectives set out in the proposal for this research were fulfilled by drawing up the deliverables and the activities presented below. Specifically, the activities through which the research objectives of the WP1 were met are the following:
1. “The spread of false news in the era of ”fake news“- Analysis of Article 191 of the greek Criminal Code before the modern (technological) challenges” (in greek), Vol. 3/2019 of the scientific journal “Criminal Justice” (ed. Nomiki Vivliothiki), pp. 288 f. after evaluation and approval by the scientific committee of the journal (reviewers). The legal provision of the article 191 of the greek Criminal Code (objective, subjective, protected legal good, special reference to social media, jurisprudence, criticism of the necessity and legality of criminal proceedings, de lege ferenda etc.) is analyzed for the first time after many years in Greek legal literature.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Review of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
2. “The spread of false news in the era of ”fake news“- Analysis of Article 191 of the greek Criminal Code before the modern (technological) challenges” (in greek), Vol. 8 of “CrimeTimes” scientific journal of the Crime Study Center.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
3. participation of the research team at the conference “9th Infocom Security – Cyber Security in the Age of Industry 4.0 – Challenges & Opportunities” on April 17th and 18th, 2019 at the Dais Conference Center in Marousi, Attica, in an exclusive discussion panel for the presentation of the research entitled “Fake News Online – Their Legal, Political and Social Impact – Methods and Techniques of Prevention” (in greek). During the panel the researchers provided detailed criminal law provisions (or in any case provisions to deal with false news) from dozens of foreign countries and from all (almost) continents as well as legal treatment of false news under Greek law, with focusing on protected legal good, on modern technological developments and on a critical approach to criminal justice. The conference organizers have uploaded a video of our entire presentation on the youtube online platform.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Overview of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
4. participation with presentation by the Research Supervisor / Postdoctoral Researcher at the international conference of the Hellenic Society of Criminology under the aegis of HM the President of the Greek Republic Mr. Prokopios Pavlopoulos “Greek criminals from Greece and abroad discuss about crime prevention” (Athens, 10 & 11 January 2019) on the topic: “Fake news spreading on the Internet. Challenges in prevention in different legal systems and at European and international level” (in greek). This presentation goes beyond the definition and phenomenology of fake news and hoaxes, methods of preventing fake news and hoaxes in relation to both casual and social prevention, in combination with the most up-to-date (and in line with most recent legislative developments) criminal law provisions (or in any case provisions to deal with false news) from dozens of countries abroad and from all (almost) continents as well as European and international preventive actions.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Overview of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
5. writing & submitting an article / recommendation by the Research Supervisor / Postdoctoral Researcher for inclusion in the minutes of the international conference of the Hellenic Society of Criminology under the aegis of HM the President of the Republic Mr. Prokopios Pavlopoulos “Greek criminals from Greece and abroad discuss about crime prevention” (Athens, 10 & 11 January 2019) entitled “The spread of fake news” – Reflections on the Practices and Limits of Internet Disinformation Prevention” (in greek).
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Overview of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
6. participation of the Research Supervisor / Postdoctoral Researcher in the organization of the Conference of the Supreme Court Prosecutor of Greece, as the head of the organizing committee through the Hellenic Association for the Study of Internet Addiction Disorder and the Crime Study Center (KEME) on the topic “Technological developments and Justice” on April 5 and 6, 2019 in the Ceremonial Hall of the Athens Court of Appeal and presentation entitled: “Fake News Spread Online. Prevention and its challenges” (in greek). In addition to the definition and phenomenology of fake news and hoaxes, methods of preventing fake news and hoaxes in relation to both casual and social prevention, in conjunction with updated (and in line with recent legislative developments) criminal law provisions (or in any case provisions to deal with false news) from Greece as well as from dozens of countries abroad and from all (almost) continents as well as European and international actions making were presented.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Overview of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
7. research Supervisor / Postdoctoral Researcher lectures at the Law Department of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University in Georgia from 20.05.2019 to 24.05.2019 on the legal provisions regarding countering false news and cybercrime. (presentation)
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Overview of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
8. attendance by the Research Supervisor / Postdoctoral Researcher of the conference “Surveillance Society: From Cyber Security to Fake News, Media, Messages, Strategies”, organized by the Strategic Communication and Media Laboratory of the University of Piraeus with the co-organizer of the Laboratory University of Piraeus Cyber Security.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
9. creation of a page on the social networking platform www.facebook.com under the name “Criminal and criminological treatment of hoaxes”, so as to post information on research and project activities as well as generally to post articles that refer to false news (fake news, hoaxes) and disinformation.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
10. participation of the research team in the EUROCRIM 2018 conference – 18th Annual Conference of the European Society of Criminology on “Crimes Against Humans and Crimes Against Humanity” held in Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina from 29.08.2018 to 01.09 .2018 and presentation on the subject: “Fake news, hoaxes and false information on the Internet – Criminal and criminological aspects” on 31.08.2018. This presentation introduces the definition and phenomenology of fake news and hoaxes, criminological theories that explain the phenomenon and guide for prevention and evidence about the prevention of the phenomenon.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Overview of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
11. attendance with a presentation at a conference organized by the Athens Bar Association (DSA) on 24.07.2019 in Athens (Athens Court of Appeals Hall) in view of the new Criminal Code (Law 4619/2019) on the subject: “Fake News: Disseminating false news in the new PC” (in greek). In addition to the definition and phenomenology of fake news and hoaxes, this paper presents methods of preventing fake news and hoaxes in relation to both casual and social prevention, in conjunction with updated (and in line with more recent legislative developments) criminal law provisions (or in any case false news provisions) from dozens of countries abroad and from all (almost) continents as well as European and international preventive actions.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
- “Participation in Greek and foreign conferences on the subject”
12. scientific article entitled “Fake news, slander spread and voter fraud. Criminal law treatment” (in greek) was published by the Research Supervisor / Postdoctoral Researcher, in particular with regard to the analysis of a. 162 PC on the website www.dikastiko.gr, in view of the timeliness of the issue due to the upcoming parliamentary elections (publication date 04.07.2019).
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
13. translation of an article on prevention of fake news in English entitled “Dissemination of fake news – Reflections on the practices of online disinformation” for editing by the scientific advisor of the proposal Dr. Vassileios Karagiannopoulos and publication in an english-language scientific journal.
Fulfilled research objectives:
- “Assessment of the criminal act of disseminating false news on social media: legal right infringed – matters of necessity and legitimacy of criminal treatment”
- “Overview of relevant foreign legislation”
- “Modern criminological profiling of the offenders: causative factors, ideological origins, motivations, objectives, modus operandi and commentary of current Greek legal provision”
- “Approach of Community law from the perspective of de lege ferenda anti-crime policy”
These actions are also activities for publicity and promotion of the project with the corresponding reference to the funding of the project by HFRI and the GSRT, as provided in the project promotion rules and according to the possibilities of the graphic environment of the places of publication.